Oxidation and reduction of copper

A piece of copper metal is heated in a flame and oxidized to black copper oxide by air. The oxidized copper is reduced when placed in a hydrogen atmosphere. When removed from the hydrogen atmosphere, the metal is again oxidized.

Discussion: 

Copper oxidizes slowly in air, corroding to produce a brown or green patina. At higher temperatures the process is much faster and produces mainly black copper oxide. The oxide can be reduced by hydrogen gas, which is a moderately strong reducing agent, producing a shiny, clean copper surface. This provides a striking illustration of oxidation and reduction of a metal.

Equations for the reactions are

2 Cu(s) + O2(g) —> 2 CuO(s)

CuO(s) + H2(g) —> Cu(s) + H2O(g)

Credits: 
  • Demonstration
    • John W. Moore University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI 53706
  • Setup
    • Lynn R. Hunsberger University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292
  • Video
    • Steven D. Gammon University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843
  • Text
    • Kelly Houston Jetzer University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI 53706
    • John W. Moore University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI 53706