Summary Table of Contents for Waves and Particles
Waves and Particles
Traveling and Standing Waves
Example of a Mechanical Wave
Traveling Waves, Reflection, Interference, and Polarization
Standing Waves, Line Spectra, Resonance, and Energy Transfer
Wave Diffraction, Interference, and Scattering
Diffraction by an Edge
Wave Diffraction by an Opening in a Barrier
The Effect of a Narrower Opening
Interference Patterns - Waves from Two Slits
Apparatus for Modeling Wave Scattering
Modeling Wave Scattering from Large and Small Objects
Light: Wave and Particle
Light as a Wave: Reflection, Diffraction, Polarization, Scattering, and Absorption
Light as a Particle: Photoelectric Effect
The Electron: Particle and Wave
The Electron as a Particle: Crookes and Cathode Ray Tubes
The Electron as Wave: Atomic Emission Spectra
Detailed Table of Contents for Waves and Particles
Waves and Particles
Traveling and Standing Waves
Example of a Mechanical Wave
Traveling Waves, Reflection, Interference, and Polarization
Waves in a Slinky™
Waves Consisting of Single Pulses
Single Transverse Pulses: Reflection of a Wave at a Fixed End
Single Longitudinal Pulses
Energy Dissipation, Constructive and Destructive Interference
Wave Damping
Constructive Interference
Destructive Interference
Wave Trains
Transverse Wave Trains and Plane Polarization
Low Frequency and High Frequency Wave Trains
Waves in a Wave Demonstrator — Wave Speed, Reflection, and Interference
Single Transverse Pulses - Reflection of a Wave at a Free End
Measuring the Wave Speed on a Wave Demonstrator
Speed of High and Low Frequency Wave Trains
Interference in a Wave Demonstrator
Constructive Interference
Destructive Interference
Waves in a Ripple Tank
Generating Waves in a Ripple Tank
Circular Waves: The Relationship between Frequency and Wavelength
Linear Waves: The Relationship between Frequency and Wavelength
Interference of Waves from Two Point Sources
Relationship of Wave Frequency and Interference Patterns
Interference of Sound Waves from Two Audio Speakers
Standing Waves, Line Spectra, Resonance, and Energy Transfer
Standing Waves on a Slinky™
Standing Waves on a String
Standing Waves on a String - Confined Waves and Line Spectra
Standing Waves on a String - Separate Movies
Two Nodes and One Antinode
Three Nodes and Two Antinodes
Four Nodes and Three Antinodes
Five Nodes and Four Antinodes
Six Nodes and Five Antinodes
Standing Waves on a Wave Demonstrator
Measuring the Wave Speed on a Wave Demonstrator
Two Nodes and One Antinode
Three Nodes and Two Antinodes
Four Nodes and Three Antinodes
Five Nodes and Four Antinodes
Six Nodes and Five Antinodes
Seven Nodes and Six Antinodes
Eight Nodes and Seven Antinodes
Nine Nodes and Eight Antinodes
Circular Standing Waves in a Ripple Tank
Circular Standing Waves
Circular Standing Waves - Three Nodal and Four Antinodal Rings
Circular Standing Waves - Four Nodal and Five Antinodal Rings
Circular Standing Waves - Five Nodal and Six Antinodal Rings
Circular Standing Waves - Six Nodal and Seven Antinodal Rings
Standing Waves on Chladni Plates
Examples of Nodal Patterns on a Square Chladni Plate
Dancing Sand Grains on a Square Chladni Plate
Nodal Patterns at 384 Hz and 389 Hz
Unique Nodal Patterns at Resonant Frequencies - Square Plate
482 Hz
782 Hz
957 Hz
1055 Hz
1377 Hz
1715 Hz
2685 Hz
3340 Hz
Frequency Sweep - Round Chladni Plate
Specific Frequencies - Round Plate
1 Nodal Ring at 126 Hz
2 Nodal Rings at 380 Hz
3 Nodal Rings at 910 Hz
4 Nodal Rings at 1701 Hz
5 Nodal Rings at 2798 Hz
6 Nodal Rings at 4149 Hz
7 Nodal Rings at 5926 Hz
Standing Sound Waves
Resonance Boxes
Resonance and Non-Resonance - 384 Hz
Resonance and Non-Resonance - 440 Hz
Resonance and Non-Resonance - 512 Hz
Resonance and Energy Transfer - Matched and Unmatched Resonance Boxes
Beat Frequency
Changing the Beat Frequency
Near-Equal Frequencies Produce Very Slow Beats
Wave Diffraction, Interference, and Scattering
Diffraction by an Edge
Wave Diffraction by an Opening in a Barrier
The Effect of a Narrower Opening
Interference Patterns - Waves from Two Slits
Apparatus for Modeling Wave Scattering
Modeling Wave Scattering from Large and Small Objects
Light: Wave and Particle
Light as a Wave: Reflection, Diffraction, Polarization, Scattering, and Absorption
Reflection of Light
Diffraction of Light
Diffraction - Introduction
Diffraction by a Single Slit
Diffraction by a Pair of Slits
Diffraction by a Small Grating
Diffraction by Various Patterns
Polarization of Light
Scattering and Absorption of Light
Interactions of Light with Solutions and Suspensions - Apparatus
Interactions of Light with Solutions and Suspensions - Spectral Changes
Scattering of Blue Light and Red Light
Light Scattering
Why the Sky is Blue and Sunsets are Red
Spectrum of Transmitted Light
Light Absorption by a Solution
Why is a blue solution blue?
Light as a Particle: Photoelectric Effect
The Emission Spectrum of a Light Bulb as a Function of Temperature
The Photoelectric Effect
Background Information for the Photoelectric Effect
Using a Multimeter to Determine the Direction of Electron Current in a Circuit
Using a Multimeter to Identify Positive/Negative Charge
Charging an Electrophorus and Electroscope by Induction
Charging an Electroscope by Contact
Discharging an Electroscope by Contact
Photoelectric Effect - Charging an Electroscope with Light
Photoelectric Effect - Blocked by Glass
The Electron: Particle and Wave
The Electron as a Particle: Crookes and Cathode Ray Tubes
Cathode Rays and the Crookes Tube
Cathode Rays are Beams of Electrons
Components of a Computer Monitor
Components of an Oscilloscope Tube
Cathode Ray Tube with Pinwheel
The Electron as Wave: Atomic Emission Spectra
Continuous and Discrete Light Sources
Hydrogen
Helium
Neon
Mercury